Analysis and Evaluation of the Collection of Karikalamators " Qalbam rā bā Qalbat Mīzān mī-konam " by Parviz Shapour Based on the General Theory of Verbal Humor (GTVH)

Document Type : Grammatical-rhetorical

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

2 Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

3 PhD student in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

10.22091/jls.2026.14644.1757

Abstract

Humor is an important and influential topics in the literary works of various nations. In contemporary times, Persian writers have paid special attention to it with a linguistic, and by utilizing new theories in linguistics, they have raised its status. Among the famous contemporary Humors is Parviz Shapour, and this research seeks to analyze the humorous techniques in Parviz Shapour's Karikalamators  in the collection "Qalbam rā bā Qalbat Mīzān mī-konam", based on the General Theory of Verbal Humor. The aim is to use this theory, which includes six variables: Script opposition, logical mechanism, situation. The aim is the narrative strategy, language, and the techniques used in Parviz Shapour's Karikalamators, to be examined in a descriptive-comparative and analytical manner. In this theory, from the most abstract angle, which is the component of the opposition of the "script opposition", to the most objective angle, which is the variable of "language", the works of humor are analyzed. The findings of the research show that although all six components play in the same direction in creating humor, the opposition of the "script opposition" and the "logical mechanism" are techniques that are more effective with a higher frequency in creating humor in Karikalamators and are considered to be the main elements of creating humor and sense of humor in Shapour's works. Also, Shapour paid considerable attention to the selection and arrangement of words in the Karikalamators, and this proximity of words in Satire (humor), depth, impact and coherence of speech have been very effective.
Introduction
Humor is inherent to Iranians, but scientific research in this field is very limited and only in recent years have some literary-academic fields addressed it; one of the literary formats of contemporary prose writing is karikalamator, and the satirical element is inseparable from its main elements. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the works of Parviz Shapour who is its creator.
 
Materials & Methods
In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the techniques used in Shapour's karikalamator in the collection "Qalbam rā bā Qalbat Mīzān mī-konam" in a descriptive-comparative and analytical manner with the help of six variables of the comprehensive theory of verbal humor (GTVH).
Research findings
The research findings show that although all six variables move in a parallel direction towards creating humor and are considered factors and methods of creating humor in Caricalamators, the contrast of ideas accompanied by a logical mechanism is considered one of the main elements of creating humor in Shapour's Karikalamators.
Discussion of Results & Conclusion
The contrast of ideas and logical mechanism with the highest frequency is most prominent methods in creating humor in Parviz Shapour's Karikalamators. The most prominent contrasts in Parviz Shapour's Karikalamators include: death / life, silence / scream, laughter / crying, youth / old age, darkness / light, sadness / happiness, sleep / wakefulness, water and drought. The logical mechanisms that, along with the contrast of ideas, make a major contribution to creating humor in Shapour's Caricalamators are: reversing and inverting the realities of the world, exaggeration, deviation from the norm, contradiction, embodiment and giving life to abstract beings and concepts, verbal surprise, comparison, false inference, irony, ambiguity, simile of two opposites, and metaphor.
 
 

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References

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Rhetoric and Grammar Studies
Volume 15, Issue 28
January 2025
Pages 74-94

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