Rhetorical Reincarnation: Introducing Literary Reincarnation as a Rhetorical Device in Persian and Kurdish Literature

Document Type : Grammatical-rhetorical

Authors

1 PhD Student in Mystical Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Full Professor, Department of Persian Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22091/jls.2025.11955.1654

Abstract

 This article analyzes the mechanism of literary reincarnation wherein a poet transforms different concepts and objects into one another. This mechanism differs from simile and metaphor. While simile asserts resemblance and metaphor claims identity, reincarnation posits transformation and incarnation. Furthermore, certain literary figures (transferred epithet and second-order metaphor) that are not understood based on traditional rhetorical assumptions and face fundamental problems can be understood within the framework of literary reincarnation. This article examines various dimensions of reincarnation and literary reincarnation. The final section presents analyses to clarify the function of rhetorical reincarnation in literature and rhetoric. The analyses and investigations in this article are based on examples and evidence from Kurdish and Persian literature. Ultimately, it can be concluded that rhetorical/literary reincarnation possesses an independent identity and has a specific cognitive basis. It forms the foundation of second-order metaphor, and context, narrative, and form play an essential role in its analysis. By basing interpretation on reincarnation instead of simile, one can arrive at a reincarnation proposition rather than a simulative proposition in the interpretation of the surface structure of speech. In fact, this article is the first step in the field of rhetoric and reincarnation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

References
Balkhi, J. (2005). Kolyyat-e shams. 2 Vol. Tashih ve moqadame: Badiʼozaman Foroozanfar. Tehran: Sanayi. [In Persian]
Ebrahimi Dinani, Gh. (2000). Shoˈaˈe Andishe va shohood dar Falsafe-ye Sohravardi. 5th   Edition.Tehran: Hekmat. [In Persian]
Erlish, V. (2024). Formalism-e Roosi (Tarikh va osool). Tarjome-ye Mas‘ood Shirbach-e. Esfahan: Naghsh-e jahan. [In Persian]
Feray, N. (2009). Ramz-e kol: ketab-e moghadas va Adabiyyat. 2nd Edition. Tarjome-ye Saleh Hoseini. Tehran: Niloofar. [In Persian]
Fotoohi, M. (2010). Balaghat-e Tasvir. 2nd Edition. Tehran: Sokhan. [In Persian]                                                              Heyoom, R. (2020). Adyane zende-ye Jahan. Tarjome-ye ‘Abdolrahim-e  gavahi.Tehran: ˈelm. [In Persian]
Jayhoonabadi, N. (1982). Shahname-ye Haghighat. Be Tashih-e Mohamd Mokri. Tehran: Tahoori. [In Persian]
Jorjani, ‘A. (1987). ‘Asrarolbalagheh. 2nd Edition. Tehran: Daneshgahe Tehran. [In Persian]
Mas‘ood, S. (1983). Divan. Tashih-e Naser Hayeri. Tehran: Golshayi. [In Persian]
Sahba, H. (1970). Ensan-e Shisheyi. Tehran: Sekke. [In Persian]
Shamisa, S. (2015). Bayan. 4th Edition. Tehran: Mitra. [In Persian]
Shamloo, A. (1973). Shekoftan Dar Meh. [In Persian]
Rahmani, N. (1995). Gozine-ye Ashˈar. 2nd Edition. Tehran: Morvarid. [In Persian]
Rastegar Fasayi, M. (2021). Paykargardani Dar asatir. 3th Editon. Tehran:Pazhooheshgah-e ʼoloom-e Ensani va Motaleʼat-e Farhangi. [In Persian]
Razi, A. (2003). Gerayesha va Mazaheb-e Eslami Dar Se gharne Noxost-e Hejri.Tarjome-ye Ali Aghanoori. Tehran: Markaz-e Tahghighat-e Adyan va Mazaheb. [In Persian]
Shamloo, A. (1973). Shekoftan Dar Meh. 2th Edition. Tehran: Ketab-e Zaman. [In Persian]
Sepehri, S. (2008). Hasht Ketab. 22th Edition. Tehran: Tahoori. [In Persian]
Kurdish References
Bȇkes, šērko. (2006). Diwani šȇrko Bargi 5. 1st Edition. Slēmani: Sardem.
Hoseyni, Zh. (1998). Qallay Raz. Pȇdachoonaway Nahid Hoseyni. Tehran: Borakayi.
Sabir, R. (1979). Rēzhna. Mahabad: Seyediyan.
 
Send comment about this article
CAPTCHA Image
Rhetoric and Grammar Studies
Volume 14, Issue 26
March 2025
Pages 152-168

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics