Document Type : Grammatical-rhetorical
Authors
1
PhD student in Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
2
Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
10.22091/jls.2026.14332.1747
Abstract
In the cognitive science of language, metaphor is not merely seen as an aesthetic ornament; it functions as an instrumental cognitive device by which abstract conceptual domains are apprehended through grounding in more concrete, perceptible areas. Consequently, examining a text’s metaphors can illuminate intratextual relations and the meanings the author intends to convey. Mystical poetry often employs enigmatic language, and metaphor analysis provides a pathway to decipher underlying concepts. This study investigates the figurative representation of two concepts—Science (علم) and Reason (عقل)—in the poetry of Allama Hasan-zadeh Amoli (RA). Adopting a descriptive–analytical approach, data collection was conducted through library methods. Specifically, the entire Diwan of the eminent poet, comprising over five thousand couplets, was examined. Verses in which Science and Reason occur were selected and analyzed within the framework of Lakoff and Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphor (2003). The results indicate that the concept of Science, expressed through metaphors such as “science is light” and “science is water,” exhibits the greatest frequency and is construed as both a guiding and vital principle. By contrast, metaphors of Reason are more closely associated with notions of “guidance,” usefulness, and perplexity, suggesting that, in the poet’s view, reason is a decisive, enabling concept that, on its own, remains insufficient without guidance.
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